Basic Electrical Engineering Questions
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Short Answer SectionQ 01
What is Electrical Resistance?
Resistance is the property of a material that opposes the flow of electric current. It depends on the material, length, cross-sectional area, and temperature of the conductor. Its unit is ohm (Ω).
Q 02
State Ohm's Law.
Ohm's Law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the applied voltage, provided temperature remains constant. Mathematically, V = IR.
Q 03
What is Electric Current?
Electric current is the rate of flow of electric charge in a conductor. Measured in amperes (A), denoted by I.
Q 04
Define Electrical Power.
Electrical power is the rate at which energy is consumed or converted. Measured in watts (W). Given by P = VI.
Q 05
What is Electrical Energy?
Electrical energy is the total work done by an electrical source over time. Measured in Wh or kWh.
Q 06
RMS value vs. Average value of AC?
The RMS value is the effective DC equivalent producing the same heating effect. The average value is the mean over a half cycle — used for rectifier analysis, not power calculations.
Q 07
Why is Power Factor important in industrial plants?
A low power factor increases current drawn, causing higher losses and voltage drops. Improving it reduces electricity bills, improves efficiency, and allows better utilization of transformers and cables.
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MCQ SectionMCQ 01
The SI unit of resistance is:
✓ Correct: C — Ohm
Resistance is measured in ohms as defined by Ohm's Law.
MCQ 02
Ohm's Law is applicable when:
✓ Correct: C
Ohm's Law assumes constant physical conditions, especially temperature.
MCQ 03
Power consumed in an electrical circuit is given by:
✓ Correct: C
Electrical power is the product of voltage and current.
MCQ 04
In a series circuit, the current is:
✓ Correct: C
In series circuits, the same current flows through all elements.
MCQ 05
Kirchhoff's Current Law is based on conservation of:
✓ Correct: D
KCL states that charge entering a node equals charge leaving it.
MCQ 06
In a purely inductive circuit, phase difference between V and I is:
✓ Correct: B
In an inductive circuit, current lags voltage by 90° due to magnetic field energy storage.
MCQ 07
Which component causes current to lead voltage?
✓ Correct: C
In a capacitive circuit, current leads voltage due to electric field energy storage.
MCQ 08
Reactance is measured in:
✓ Correct: C
Reactance opposes AC current and is a component of impedance, measured in ohms.
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