Synchronous Motor vs Induction Motor

Aspect	Induction Motor	Synchronous Motor
Operating Principle	Operates on electromagnetic induction.	Maintains synchronism with the rotating magnetic field.
Speed Control	Controlled by changing the frequency or using VFDs.	Fixed speed based on the power supply frequency.
Starting Mechanism	Self-starting; does not require external devices.	Typically requires external means for synchronization.
Efficiency	Generally slightly less efficient, especially at partial loads.	Typically more efficient, especially for constant loads.
Applications	Pumps, fans, compressors, conveyor systems, household appliances.	Power factor correction, synchronous condensers, large drives.
Power Factor	May have a lower power factor, may need correction.	Can operate at leading or unity power factor, suitable for correction.
Construction	Simpler construction with a squirrel cage or wound rotor.	More complex construction with a wound rotor and additional components.
Maintenance	Requires less maintenance due to simple design.	May require more maintenance due to slip rings and brushes.
Cost	Typically more cost-effective.	Generally more expensive due to complexity and additional components.
Size and Power Ratings	Wide range of sizes, suitable for small to large applications.	Common in larger applications requiring precise control and efficiency.
Specific Applications	Water pumps, fans, compressors, conveyor belts, household appliances.	Power factor correction, synchronous condensers, large industrial drives.