Synchronous Motor vs Induction Motor

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Aspect Induction Motor Synchronous Motor
Operating Principle Operates on electromagnetic induction. Maintains synchronism with the rotating magnetic field.
Speed Control Controlled by changing the frequency or using VFDs. Fixed speed based on the power supply frequency.
Starting Mechanism Self-starting; does not require external devices. Typically requires external means for synchronization.
Efficiency Generally slightly less efficient, especially at partial loads. Typically more efficient, especially for constant loads.
Applications Pumps, fans, compressors, conveyor systems, household appliances. Power factor correction, synchronous condensers, large drives.
Power Factor May have a lower power factor, may need correction. Can operate at leading or unity power factor, suitable for correction.
Construction Simpler construction with a squirrel cage or wound rotor. More complex construction with a wound rotor and additional components.
Maintenance Requires less maintenance due to simple design. May require more maintenance due to slip rings and brushes.
Cost Typically more cost-effective. Generally more expensive due to complexity and additional components.
Size and Power Ratings Wide range of sizes, suitable for small to large applications. Common in larger applications requiring precise control and efficiency.
Specific Applications Water pumps, fans, compressors, conveyor belts, household appliances. Power factor correction, synchronous condensers, large industrial drives.

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