Parts of Transformer

 

Part	Function	Material Used
Core	Provides a path for magnetic flux, increasing or decreasing voltage through electromagnetic induction	Laminated iron or steel core
Windings (Primary & Secondary)	Primary winding receives the input voltage, while the secondary winding provides the output voltage	Copper or aluminum wire with insulation
Insulation	Electrically insulates and isolates the windings from the core and each other	Paper, pressboard, varnishes, or plastics
Transformer Tank	Encloses the core and windings, protecting them from environmental factors and providing structural support	Steel, stainless steel, or other suitable materials
Cooling System	Removes excess heat generated during operation to maintain safe operating temperatures	Mineral oil, synthetic oil, or other dielectric fluids
Bushings	Provide electrical insulation and support for the conductors where they enter or exit the transformer tank	Porcelain, polymer, or other insulating materials
Tap Changer	Allows for voltage adjustments by altering the number of turns in the winding	Copper, typically silver-plated, with insulating materials
Gaskets and Seals	Prevent leaks and ensure the transformer tank remains sealed and oil-tight	Rubber, cork, or other sealing materials
Breather	Regulates the air pressure inside the transformer tank as the oil expands or contracts	Silica gel or other desiccant materials
Conservator	Stores excess oil and compensates for oil level changes during temperature variations	Steel or other suitable material for the tank, plus rubber or plastic components for expansion
Nameplate	Provides essential information about the transformer, including its specifications and ratings	Typically made of metal or plastic